Reviews by Tamara Campbell

What we know about General Relativity.: Supernovae studies are the point of departure for analysing General Relativity theories as the framework(s) for understanding Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm logics. In General Relativity: The New Frontiers 2024 AI Analysis by co-authors from Atomic Academia and ChatGPT-4 (2024), the rapid assimilation and abductive analysis of "vast amounts" of AI sourced data is subject to "observational" analysis beyond "mathematical formulations." If physics theories offer important insights about the concept of dark matter, energy momentum, the recent use of tensor technologies for identification of dark matter axion particles within scientific studies of gravitational force indicates a Modified General Relativity (MGR) theory of energy dynamics, say the article's authors, presenting an apt model for AI momentum (Nash, 2023).
What is momentum?: Centuries of scientific study of the forces of the universe leading to a "holographic" understanding of dark matter particle composition, suggest there is still much to learn about the wider effects of cosmic radiation. The principle of holography, mentions the authors, illustrates how information (data) in space is identified at its boundary. Citing Samanta's (2013) study of the dark energy dynamics of a Bianchi type-V universe, applying Einstein's field equations to a quintessence model of cosmological order within the framework of General Relativity, outlines this concept.

Obukhov's (2023) study of curved space time, which theorises axion antennae for the detection of a "precessing spin" associated with "axion-like" dark matter analyses the electromagnetic pull and gravitational force of energy momentum. Obukhov seeks to validate the empirical accuracy of this theory by examining the dynamics of dark matter particles during observable cosmic events with recent innovations in tensor technologies.

Reference to Nash's (2023) alternative model of gravitation force with the Modified General Relativity (MGR) theory which "utilis[es] a smooth regular line element vector field (X, -X) in Lorentzian spacetimes" to propose "nonlocalisation" to be the key to understanding gravitational momentum consistent with the complex mathematical formulae of the field. If nonlocalisation is the order rather than disorder of the universe as Nash's theory describes, suggest the authors.

The recent studies of General Relativity within energy momentum research are valuable for those interested in empirical observations of dark matter gravitational dynamics in space. Taken from the field of Physics, the research contributes to our knowledge of the universe, and to scientific understanding of General Relativity theory.
How the research contributes to a universal model.: A review of the current state of research in general relativity, a concept also applied within AI theories, a universal model of holographic estimation is discussed. Like the gravitational forces of outer space, advanced AI algorithms have the potential to evade our consciousness without observation science, suggest the authors. Until recently, theories of General Relativity were articulated by way of complex mathematical formulations, not always transparent to scholars and interested laypersons outside the field of Physics. Indeed, the "groundbreaking theories and applications" applied within the recent research on the topic seem to offer the framework for understanding data at the boundaries, and indeed, a universal theory of General Relativity applicable to AI momentum.
References: General Relativity: The New Frontiers 2024 AI Analysis (2024, Mar 5). Atomic Academia and ChatGPT-4. DOI https://doi.org/10.62594/PESJ4026

Obukhov YN. Spin as a probe of Axion Physics in general relativity. International Journal of Modern Physics A. 2023; doi:10.1142/s0217751x23420022

Nash G. Modified general relativity and dark matter. International Journal of Modern Physics D. 2023;32(06). doi:10.1142/s0218271823500311

Samanta, G.C. (2013). Holographic Dark Energy (DE) Cosmological Models with Quintessence in Bianchi Type-V Space Time. International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 52. 10.1007/s10773-013-1757-2.

This Atomic Article has been updated since this peer-review

The background on the topic?: The American Sign Language (ASL) system is a communications technology developed to enhance the use of body language in the place of voice. Distinct from the medicalised model of deafness, the adoption of ASL and other technologies for purposes of engaged communications participation by both deaf and non-deaf persons, evidences the utility and the efficacy of enhancement technologies for knowledge transfer not primarily focused on "correction" of deaf people.
What was the question or concept?: If societal views of deafness have changed, it is largely a response to technological advancement of technologies beyond medical devices and surgical intervention, argues Burrows (2022) in 'A Not-So-Short History of Deaf Technology.' Burrows reviews the history of deafness and the introduction of ASL. Until recently, the two main methods of communicating with the deaf were 1) oral, relying on both speech training and residual hearing via medical device; and 2) hand signed languages (Burrows, 2022). ASL presented a new opportunity for societal advancement of knowledge transfer for those without full hearing capacity at a time when deafness was mostly a medical concern, says Burrows.
What does this article add to human knowledge?: The iterative transformation of deaf technologies reveals a societal "shift" Burrows suggests, and this "complex interplay" of "belief, medical advancements, and the deaf community's responses" signals the dynamic evolution of cultural accommodation and ongoing synergy of this population with the development of new communications technologies designed to serve their knowledge transfer needs (Burrows, 2022). This is not to discount surgical interventions and medical prothesis innovations, as in the case of hearing aids "paired with Bluetooth devices for even more flexibility," acknowledges the author. The article reminds us of the potential of somatic unity by way of medical and cultural inputs, presenting new vehicles for normalisation of deaf communications and knowledge transfer by way of multiple modalities of technological interaction – manual, voice, and writing.

References
Burrows, K. (2022). A Not-So-Short History of Deaf Technology. London Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences 22(15) 1, 1-14.

This Atomic Article has been updated since this peer-review

Introduction: In Do they do as they say? Analysing the impact of Brexit on Relocation Intentions in the UK's FinTech industry, Sohns and Wójcik (2022) deliberate what they call the "interplay" of different Brexit strategies, with comparison of management rationales and relocation results for insights into the complex relationship of strategic firm decisions in the context of protectionist trade policy reinstatement. The study's dynamic model evaluating the decision science behind those strategies is a mixed methods approach designed to capture the aggregate effects of diversified behavioural and resource reflationary models.
Background: A Study of Firm Geography: The study follows Bathelt and Glückler (2003) and Strauss (2008) in analysis of "context-specific strategic decision-making by economic agents believed to be at the core of economic geography" (Sohns & Wójcik, 2022). Application of a factorial survey approach in the study permits analysis of an economic geography where strategic behaviour is having significant impact for political economy under uncertain conditions. Specifically, Brexit is understood as a defined period of risk that can be subject to a mixed-method approach designed to interpret whether firm relocation intent is driven by the same factors as actual relocation behaviour. In the study, it is assumed that managers monitor the business environment for change and make deliberate strategic decisions based on potential opportunities or threats.
Firm Strategy In the Event of Deal or No-Deal?: The findings of the study "underscore the impact of political uncertainty on corporate decision-making," as viewed in other replicable models analysing the gap between intent and decision (Carrincazeaux & Coris, 2015; Pellenbarg et al., 2002). Key outcomes of the study indicate Brexit having significant impact on the relocation of UK FinTech firms. Results show that more than a quarter of the company representatives surveyed aimed for EU relocation in the event of a "no-deal" Brexit, with the likelihood for partial relocation higher. Significantly fewer representatives anticipated relocation under a deal scenario.
Relocation or Dissolution?: A range of relocation intentions cited in the study of Brexit fintech firms, mention national background of a company's founders, and company size to be deciding factors for relocation to the EU (Sohns & Wójcik, 2022). UK firms participating in the study confirmed there to be a moderate (66 percent) to high (84 percent) correlation response between the intentions and outcomes of actual relocation strategies, whereby 39 percent opened new offices abroad, while about 13 percent of established firms fully dissolved. The authors indicate discrepancies in firm behavior may reflect external issues such as an unexpected growth forecast or differing internal characteristics of the firm itself like its operational structure or financial position complicating a relocation decision.
Implications for Future Research: When analysing a sector that largely relies on the application of recently innovated digital technologies for performing financial transactions, there are specific sectoral factors to consider (Sohns & Wójcik, 2022). The authors recommend decision modeling based on simulation comparisons rather than static characteristics present within the business environment. Behavioural, relational, and even emotional factors are considered within the study, yet there is limited attention to the standard empirical framework applied in managerial decision science. The standard revenue-based approaches (i.e., benefit-cost analysis and breakeven analysis) normally applied to public policy driven, managerial decisions of the sort proliferating the UK business environment during Brexit, greater focus on risk to the bottom line would perhaps be more convincing.
References: Bathelt, H., and Glückler, J. (2003). Toward a relational economic geography. Journal of Economic Geography, 3(2): 117–144.10.1093/jeg/3.2.117 Search in Google Scholar

Carrincazeaux, C., and Coris, M. (2015). Why Do Firms Relocate? Lessons from a Regional Analysis. European Planning Studies, 23(9): 1695–1721.10.1080/09654313.2015.1048186

Pellenbarg, P.H., van Wissen, L.J.G., and van Dijk, J. (2002). Firm relocation: state of the art and research prospects. Groningen: University of Groningen, SOM research school.10.4337/9781781950746.00012

Sohns, F. & Wójcik, D. (2022, Aug 14). Do they do as they say? Analysing the impact of Brexit on Relocation Intentions in the U's FinTech industry. ZFW – Advances in Economic Geography. https://doi.org/10.1515/zfw-2021-0049

Introduction: NVivo, the revolutionary qualitative analysis tool that originated with NUD*IST, a software introduced in the 1990s, is evaluated by Mark Warnes (2018) Conducting A Literature Review Using NVivo. A software application widely popular for its analytic proficiency with qualitative data, NVivo allows the user to extrapolate meaningful analysis from a large data set of textual content. Cited for its instrumentality in the creation of a digital library for literature review of scholarship about "Teacher Excellence" in higher education, the article is an apt case study of NVivo's end-to-end application.
Review: A qualitative analysis tool for literature review?
Since the 1990s, software tools designed to organise, analyse, and manage empirical research activities utilising complex qualitative data sets, have markedly improved. As Warnes describes, until recently the colossal challenge research analysts were facing was largely associated with the need to dissect representative variables from large volumes of content. As the article suggests, before NVivo collecting and disseminating a representative compendium of literature for review, began with the time-consuming process of summary analysis of each scholarly work cited before key variables could be identified.

Structured analysis made simple.
With NVivo, gathering research that counts is simplified. From the methodological standpoint, the software tool offers a comprehensive approach to both data collection and analysis. The NVivo's application process is nuanced, indicates Warnes. The software tool's sophisticated sorting and coding capabilities enable the categorising of variables from textual content before the thematic analysis begins. Warnes convenes with other scholars that NVivo eliminates the hassle of framing data for grounded theory interpretation, by detecting and identifying key concepts within the literature with tags (Paulus, Lester, & Dempster, 2014; Richards, 2009).

Scholarly synthesis in digital.
Creating a digital library is an essential step for any scholar today. When one considers the use of NVivo in the literature review process as Warnes recommends, and it seems the benefits outweigh the costs. Small wonder the software application touted as the best for qualitative research analysis, is the one that offers the advantage of enhanced analytical depth required by comprehensive literature review. NVivo expands the use-value of the literature review process, by establishing a digital repository capable of retrieving cross-referenced texts.

Implications for future research?
In the case study of "Teacher Excellence," Warnes suggests NVivo streamlined the data capture and variable categorised process, as well as increased the analytical depth of coded variables once defined. The discussion of findings from the study of higher education policy and practice using NVivo software for creation of a digital library of scholarship on the subject for literature review, supports the argument NVivo is a vital tool for academic research.
Conclusion: Warnes' article addresses the utility of the NVivo software application for literature review. As the article suggests, the popular analytic tool identifies key variables within the complex array of textual discourse for purposes of creating a digital library. NVivo reduces the risk of overstating outlier variables, such as alternative theories associated with a field of operationalized practice, hence improving the representativeness of a literature review's intellectual brevity. Warnes' evaluation of NVivo's capabilities gives credence to the argument the software application is a viable tool for enhancing the value of academic discourse.
References: Paulus, T., Lester, J. N., & Dempster, P. G. (2014). Digital Tools for Qualitative Research. Sage Publications Ltd.

Richards, L. (2009). Handling Qualitative Data: A Practical Guide. Sage Publications Ltd.

Warnes, M. (2018). Conducting a Literature Review using NVivo. Research Gate.

Reviews by Tamara Campbell

Show only:

General Relativity: The New Frontiers 2024 AI Analysis

The Societal Shaping of Deaf Technological Advancements

Brexit and Business Strategy: Analysing the Impact on UK FinTech Relocation Decisions

The Efficacy of NVivo in Conducting Literature Reviews: A Case Study on Defining 'Teaching Excellence'